Differences and usage instructions between H-beam and I-beam

Differences and usage instructions between H-beam and I-beam

1. I-shaped steel, whether ordinary or lightweight, has relatively high and narrow cross-sectional dimensions, resulting in a significant difference in the moment of inertia between the two main sleeves of the cross-section. Therefore, it can generally only be directly used for components that are bent in the plane of its web or to form a lattice load-bearing component. It is not suitable to use axial compression components or components with bending perpendicular to the web plane, which limits their application range.

2. H-shaped steel belongs to high efficiency and economical cutting profiles (including cold formed thin-walled steel, profiled steel plates, etc.). Due to their reasonable cross-sectional shape, they can enhance the efficiency of the steel and improve its cutting capacity. Unlike ordinary I-beams, the flange of H-beams has been widened, and the inner and outer surfaces are usually parallel, making it easier to connect with high-strength bolts and other components. Its size composition is reasonable and the series is complete, making it convenient for design and selection (except for I-shaped steel used for crane beams).

3. The flanges of H-shaped steel are of equal thickness, with rolled sections and composite sections composed of three plates connected. I-beams are all rolled sections, and due to poor production technology, there is a 1:10 slope on the inner edge of the flange. The rolling of H-beam steel is different from ordinary I-beam steel, which only uses one set of horizontal rollers. Due to its wide flange and no slope (or very small slope), it is necessary to add a set of vertical rollers for rolling at the same time. Therefore, its rolling process and equipment are more complex than ordinary rolling mills. The height of large rolled H-beams that can be produced domestically is 800mm, which can only be used for connecting composite sections.

4. The side length of I-beams is small and the height is large, and they can only withstand forces in a single direction.

5. The H-shaped steel groove is deep and thick, and can withstand forces in two directions.

6. With the development of steel structure buildings, only I-beams are not feasible, that is, thickened I-beams, which are prone to instability when used for load-bearing columns.

7. I-beams can only be used for beams, while H-beams can only be used for load-bearing columns in structures.

8. H-shaped steel is an economical section steel with superior mechanical properties compared to I-shaped steel, named after its section shape that is the same as the English letter "H". The flange of hot-rolled H-beam is wider than that of I-beam, with greater lateral stiffness and stronger bending resistance. Under the same specifications, H-shaped steel has a lighter weight than I-shaped steel.

9. The flange of the I-shaped steel is thicker at the web part of the wearing surface and thinner on the outside; The flange of H-shaped steel is an equal wearing surface.

10. HW, HM, and HN are general terms for H-shaped steel, which is welded; HW, HM, and HN are hot-rolled.

11. HW means that the height and flange width of H-shaped steel are basically equal; Mainly used for steel core columns in reinforced concrete frame structures, also known as rigid steel columns; Mainly used for columns in steel structures.

12. HM is the ratio of H-beam height to flange width, which is approximately 1.33-1.75; Mainly used in steel structures: as steel frame columns, and as frame beams in frame structures under dynamic loads. For example: device platform.

13. HN refers to the ratio of H-shaped steel height to flange width greater than or equal to 2, mainly used for beams; The use of I-shaped steel is equivalent to that of HN shaped steel.